Good vision is essential for a child’s development, learning, and overall well-being. However, many parents may not realise that children need regular eye tests just like adults. Vision problems can develop at an early age and, if left undiagnosed, may impact a child’s ability to read, concentrate, and perform well in school.
So, how often should children have an eye test? In this blog, we’ll explore the recommended frequency of children’s eye exams, signs that your child may need an eye test, and why early detection is crucial.
When Should a Child Have Their First Eye Test?
A child’s first eye test should take place around six months old. Although a baby’s eyesight is still developing at this stage, an optometrist can check for early signs of vision problems such as a lazy eye, crossed eyes, or issues with eye coordination. Catching potential problems at an early stage can be key to preventing more serious issues later in life.
If no concerns are detected, the next eye test should typically be at age three, just before they start school. This is an important milestone, as many vision problems – such as short-sightedness or lazy eye (amblyopia) – can become apparent around this time. By identifying these issues early, parents and optometrists can take steps to correct or manage them before they begin affecting a child’s ability to learn and engage with their surroundings.
How Often Should Children Have an Eye Test?
The NHS recommends that children have an eye test at least every two years. This allows optometrists to monitor eye health, track vision development, and detect any new or worsening vision problems. However, some children may need more frequent check-ups depending on their eye health, family history, or existing vision conditions.
For example, children who already wear glasses or contact lenses should have their eyes tested annually, as their prescription may need regular adjustments. Additionally, children with conditions such as astigmatism or lazy eye may require closer monitoring to ensure their treatment is effective. If there is a family history of eye conditions like glaucoma or severe myopia, an optometrist may recommend more frequent visits to prevent future complications.
Signs Your Child May Need an Eye Test Sooner
Even if your child is not due for a routine eye test, certain signs may indicate that their vision needs urgent attention. As parents, it’s important to be aware of behavioural changes or complaints that could point to an undiagnosed vision problem.
1. Squinting or Closing One Eye
If your child frequently squints or closes one eye when trying to see objects clearly, it could be a sign of a vision issue such as short-sightedness or an imbalance between the two eyes. Squinting is a natural response to blurry vision, as it temporarily improves focus, but it is not a long-term solution and should be addressed with an eye test.
2. Sitting Too Close to Screens or Books
Children who struggle with distance vision may compensate by moving closer to screens, books, or whiteboards at school. If you notice your child consistently sitting too close to the television or holding books very near to their face, it may indicate short-sightedness (myopia). This condition is increasingly common due to increased screen time and reduced outdoor activity.
3. Frequent Headaches or Eye Strain
Vision problems can cause excessive strain on the eyes, leading to headaches and discomfort. If your child complains of headaches, particularly after reading or using screens, it may be due to an uncorrected vision problem. Eye strain can also cause fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating in school.
4. Difficulty in School
Children with vision problems may struggle with reading, writing, or paying attention in class. They might avoid reading activities, lose their place frequently while reading, or complain that words appear blurry or move on the page. In some cases, children with undiagnosed vision problems may even be mistakenly diagnosed with learning difficulties when, in reality, they just need an updated prescription.
5. Tilting Their Head or Covering One Eye
If your child tilts their head frequently or covers one eye while looking at something, it may indicate an issue with depth perception, eye alignment, or focusing ability. This behaviour can be a sign of a condition like strabismus (eye misalignment), which requires early intervention to prevent long-term vision issues.
6. Sensitivity to Light
Some children experience excessive sensitivity to bright lights, which could be a sign of eye strain, astigmatism, or an underlying vision problem. If your child frequently squints or complains of discomfort in bright light, an eye test can help determine whether there is an issue that needs addressing.
Why Are Regular Eye Tests Important for Children?
1. Early Detection of Vision Problems
Many vision problems develop gradually, and children may not realise they have trouble seeing clearly. Unlike adults, children often do not complain about poor vision because they assume their eyesight is normal. Regular eye tests allow optometrists to detect and correct issues before they affect a child’s development.
2. Improved Learning and Academic Performance
Good vision is essential for reading, writing, and classroom activities. When a child struggles to see clearly, they may have difficulty keeping up with lessons, copying from the board, or engaging in schoolwork. This can lead to frustration, reduced confidence, and avoidance of reading-based tasks. An up-to-date prescription can make a significant difference in their learning experience.
3. Preventing Long-Term Eye Conditions
Some childhood eye conditions, such as amblyopia (lazy eye), are much easier to treat when diagnosed early. If left untreated, they can lead to permanent vision impairment. Early intervention, whether through glasses, patches, or other treatments, can correct these problems and prevent further complications.
4. Ensuring Proper Eye Development
A child’s eyesight continues to develop as they grow, and regular check-ups ensure that their vision remains on track. If changes are detected, optometrists can recommend the appropriate corrective measures, whether it be prescription glasses, contact lenses, or further monitoring.
Are Eye Tests Free for Children?
Yes, in the UK, children under 16 (or under 19 if in full-time education) are entitled to free NHS eye tests. If your child needs glasses, they may also receive an NHS voucher to help cover the cost of frames and lenses. This makes it easy and affordable for parents to ensure their child’s eyesight is properly managed from a young age.
Final Thoughts
Regular eye tests are a vital part of your child’s healthcare and development. Experts recommend that children have their eyes tested at least every two years, or more frequently if they have existing vision problems.
If your child shows signs of vision difficulties – such as squinting, headaches, or struggling with schoolwork – don’t wait for their next scheduled check-up. Book an appointment with an optometrist to ensure their vision is as clear and healthy as possible.
Early detection can make all the difference in your child’s ability to learn, play, and grow with confidence.
